GCSE Latin: Paper 1: Higher Translation and Comprehension (Summer 2003)

Answer questions 1, 2 and 3. The three passages form a continuous story, and you are advised to answer the questions in the order in which they appear.

1. Read the first section of the story carefully, then answer all the questions.

Caius Caesar had an unsettled childhood and by the time he was a young adult he had begun to show an unnatural interest in cruelty.

Caius Caesar Antii natus est, et hanc urbem semper amabat. ubi parvus puer erat, inter milites ibi in castris habitabat. milites, qui Caium maxime amabat, eum 'Caligulam' appellabant. postquam pater eius occisus est, Romae cum avia habitabat. deinde imperator Tiberius Caium ad Capreas arcessivit. cum adhuc iuvenis esset, se credelem praestabat; tormenta enim poenasque hominum magno cum gaudio spectabat.

Names
Caius, Caesar, Caii Caesaris (m) = Caius Caesar
Antium, Antii (n) = Antium (a town south of Rome)
Caligula, Caligulae (m) = Caligula ('little boots')
Tiberius, Tiberii (m) = Tiberius
Capreae, Caprearum (f pl) = Capri (an island in the Bay of Naples)

Vocabulary
appello, appellare, appellavi, appellatus = I call, name
avia, aviae (f) = grandmother
praesto, praestare, praestiti, praestitus = I show
tormentum, tormenti (n) = torture

(a) In the first sentence, what two details are we given about the relationship between Caius and the town of Antium? [2]
(b) ubi...habitabat (lines 1-2): give the details of Caius' early childhood. [2]
(c) milites...appellabant (lines 2-3): how did the soldiers respond to Caius? Give two details. [2]
(d) When did Caius move to Rome to live with his grandmother? [1]
(e) Why did Caius leave Roma? [1]
(f) tormenta...spectabat (lines 5-6): how did Caius show his cruel nature? [2]

[10 marks]

2. Read the next section carefull and then translate it into English. Please write your translation on alternate lines.

Caius' behavious became increasingly strange. His ambition led him to murder the emporer Tiberius.

Caius multum cibi consumebat multumque vini bibebat, saepe capillamentum et vestimenta longa gerens; nam ei placebat ad theatrum ire fabulasque agere. Tiberius id hortabatur, quod sperabat hoc modo eum minus crudelem futurum esse. igenium tamen Caii pessimum erat. imperator, qui eum bene intellegebat, saepe dicebat eum mortem et sibi et omnibus inlaturum esse.

brevi tempore Caius, qui princeps esse magnopere volebat, Tiberium veneno interficere contstituit. priusquam autem Tiberius mortuus est, Caius anulum a manu eius rapere conatus est. ubi hoc facere non potuit, credens eum anulum retinere, pulvinium iussit super vultum poni, ut celeris moreretur.

Vocabulary
capillamentum, capillamenti (n) = wig
theatrum, theatri (n) = theatre
ago, agere, egi, actus = I perform
minus = less
infero, inferre, intuli, inlatus = I bring, cause
venenum, veneni (n) = poison
anulus, anuli (m) = ring
retineo, retinere, retinui, retentus = I hold on to
pulvinus, pulvini (m) = pillow
super + acc. = over, on top of.

[30 marks]

3. Read the final section of the story carefully, then answer all the questions.

Caius enjoyed great popularity and was quickly confirmed as the emperor. The he started behaving as if he were a God.

cives et milites Romani laetissimi fuerunt: cives quod patrem eius amaverant, milies quod eum infantem cognoverant. ubi Romam cum corpore Tiberii profectus est, viae plenae erant virorum feminarumque novum principem salutantium. Caius igitur Tiberium multis cum lacrimis laudabat. simulac Romam ingressus est, senatores ei maximum imperium dederunt. cives adeo gaudebant ut multa milia victimarum sacrificarentur. postea autem se deum esse credere coepit. multas statuas deorum e Graecia transportari iussit; capitibus remotis, suum caput imposuit. ipse inter statuas stabat, ut omnes se adorarent tamquam deum. etiam templum sibi aedificavit, in quo posuit statuam auream.

Names
Graecia, Graeciae (f) = Greece

Vocabulary
infans, infantis (m) = infant
victima, victimae (f) = animal (for sacraficing)
sacrifico, sacrificare, sacrificavi, sacrificatus = I sacrafice
statue, statuae (f) = statue
removeo, removere, removi, remotus = I remove
adoro, adorare, adoravi, adoratus = I worship
tamquam = like
aureus, aurea, aureum = made of gold

(a) (i) In line 1, how did people react to Tiberius' death? [1]
(a) (ii) Why did the soldiers react in this way? [2]
(b) (i) ubi Romam...salutantium (lines 2-3): how did the people demonstrate their feelings toward Caius? [2]
(b) (ii) How did Caius respond to this demonstration? [2]
(c) Where and how was Caius confirmed as emperor? [1+1]
(d) cives...sacrificarentur (lines 5-6): how did the citizens show their delight? [2]
(e) postea...coepit (line 6): what change took place in Caius' opinion of himself? [2]
(f) multas...deum (lines 6-8): what evidence is given of this change of opinion? Be careful to answer fully. [5]
(g) etiam...auream (lines 8-9): what else did Caius do? [2]

[20 marks]

[Total marks: 60]

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